TAIPEI (Taiwan News) — Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co. has received NT$142.3 billion (US$4.7 billion) in subsidies from the US, Germany, Japan, and China to support its global expansion over the past 18 months.

The company secured NT$67.1 billion in subsidies in the first half of this year alone, according to its latest financial reports, per CNA. The funds cover property, plant, and equipment costs, along with expenses related to construction and operations at overseas plants.

TSMC subsidiaries — including TSMC Arizona, ESMC in Germany, JASM in Japan, and TSMC Nanjing in China — have all signed subsidy agreements with local governments, which outline construction schedules and other conditions. In Arizona, TSMC is eligible for subsidies covering up to 25% of qualified investments.

The Arizona expansion is TSMC’s largest overseas project. Its first fab began producing 4 nm chips late last year, while a second fab for 3 nm production has finished construction and is preparing for mass output. A third fab, designed for 2 nm and A16 processes, is under construction.

In Japan, TSMC’s first Kumamoto fab launched mass production at the end of last year. Construction of a second fab specializing in mature processes is scheduled to begin later this year, pending infrastructure readiness.

In Germany, TSMC broke ground on its Dresden fab in August last year, with operations slated to start in 2027.